Quality of pecan grown in orchards with the use of different levels of technology.
Quality of pecan grown in orchards with the use of different levels of technology.
Author(s): MARTINS, C. R.; BARRETO, C. F.; FARIAS, R. de M.; DUARTE, C. dos; HELLWIG, C. G.; LIMA, A. D. V.; MALGARIM, M. B.
Summary: Resumo: O cultivo da nogueira-pecã está em expansão especialmente na região Sul do Brasil, porém distintos níveis tecnológicos vêm sendo adotados pelos produtores, fator que poderá influenciar na produção e qualidade das nozes. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a qualidade dos frutos produzidos por noz-pecã cultivada em pomares que utilizam três níveis tecnológicos no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram avaliados na safra 2020/2021 as seguintes variáveis: número de frutos por kg, massas de frutos, amêndoas e cascas, rendimento de amêndoas, comprimento e diâmetro de frutos e porcentagem de frutos com defeitos. A massa de frutos, amêndoas e cascas e o comprimento e diâmetro de frutos foram superiores no alto nível tecnológico. O rendimento de amêndoa e a porcentagem de frutos com defeitos foram inferiores no baixo nível tecnológico. As nozes produzidas no pomar que aplicaram o mais alto nível de tecnologia foram significativamente maiores e mais pesadas. Isto resultou no menor número de nozes para compor um quilograma. Deste modo, evidencia-se que a adoção de um nível tecnológico mais elevado proporciona frutos maiores, com maior massa e com menor porcentagem de defeitos, constituindo para o maior rendimento e qualidade do fruto. Abstract: Pecan farming has been expanding in Brazil, mainly in the south, where different practices and technological levels have been used in orchard management, a fact that is directly connected to nut production and quality. This study aimed at determining the quality of fruit borne by pecan trees grown in orchards that use three technological levels in Rio Grande do Sul state. The following variables were evaluated in the 2020/2021 season: number of fruit per kilogram, fruit mass, kernel mass, shell mass, kernel yield, fruit length, fruit diameter and percentage of fruit with imperfections. Fruit mass, kernel mass, shell mass, fruit length and fruit diameter were higher in the orchard that had high technological level than the other orchards. The lowest kernel yield and the highest percentage of fruit with imperfections were found in nuts borne in orchards that used little technology to lead and manage plants. Nuts produced in the orchard that applied the highest level of technology were significantly larger and heavier. It resulted in the lowest number of nuts to compose a kilogram. Therefore, this study shows that orchards that apply more practices and management produce the largest fruit with high mass and low percentage of imperfections, which determine high nut yield and quality.
Publication year: 2023
Types of publication: Journal article
Keywords: Carya illinoinensis, Kernel yield, Noz Peca, Nuts, Post-harvest, Pós-Colheita
Observation
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