The Red Sindhi breed is an important genetic resource to be preserved and used in tropical conditions. Some studies have shown small effective population size and high coefficient of inbreeding. These aspects show increased risks of loss of genetic diversity, impairing possible genetic gains to be achieved with selection, and even increasing the risk of future extinction of the breed. The following partner institutions worked on the project: Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Embrapa Tropical Semi-Arid, Emepa (State Corporation of Agricultural Research of Paraíba), Emparn (Agricultural Research Corporation of Rio Grande do Norte), UFMG (Federal University of Minas Gerais) and UFMS (Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul), and ABCSindi (Brazilian Association of the Red Sindhi Livestock Breeders). The main results were the validation of methodologies aimed to solve questions of paternity and to the monitoring of genetic diversity within the breed. With these methodologies it is expected to have optimized processes for the National Breeding Program for the Dairy Red Sindhi in Brazil, specially with the strategic choice of bulls to be included in progeny testing, considering the need of genetic diversity preservation, and the minimization of paternity errors, resulting in more accurate prediction of genetic values and better control of inbreeding.