Water is an important natural resource for the competitiveness of Brazilian agriculture. Since Brazil is rich in this natural resource, to preserve it and keep it in quantity and quality is strategic. Such a competency demands water efficiency, which is the relationship between the amount of yielded products and the amount of water used for such a production. This project evaluates the performance of water indicators from milk pasture-based and confinement-based production systems and of nutritional interventions that impact on water use. The study is conducted in two production systems (respectively, "Intensive Milk Production" and "Pasture-based Milk Production") established in Embrapa Dairy Cattle’s José Henrique Bruschi Experimental Station, located in Coronel Pacheco – Minas Gerais State. For determining the water footprint, the calculations are based on definitions of water according to its use, as follows: green water (food production), blue water (water for drinking or cleaning) and gray water (wastewater). All data from the studied systems, in order to determine the indicators, are generated from analyzing the water, wastewater, soil and plants. These analyzes are carried out by Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Embrapa Southeast Livestock, and the Federal University of Juiz de Fora. An economic analysis will still be carried out, considering water as an input, valuing its interference in the bioeconomic efficiency. Results will be released through technology transfer actions focused on good working practices of water use in the farm. This approach will result in significant social, environmental and economic impacts. It will also provide scientific impacts, strengthening the theme animal production and water resources, enabling the development of further research in the areas of water efficiency, waste treatment technologies, mitigation of environmental impacts, and precision cattle raising.