Peppers of the Capsicum genus are cultivated in every Brazilian state, especially in Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Ceará, Bahia, and Sergipe states, having a total estimated area of 5,000 hectares and a production of about 75,000 tons per year. The cultivation of peppers and bell peppers in Brazil has a strong family base and social importance since this activity is carried out predominantly by smallholder farmers and it is the main source of income for such families. Despite chili pepper being very important in Brazil, there are few cultivars in the market with high uniformity, and great agronomic and processing characteristics. Because of that, smallholder farmers receive lower payment than they would have if the genetic materials used were more homogeneous and resistant to the main diseases that affect the crop. Processing industries are also affected because they do not have a uniform raw material for industrialization. On the other hand, the habanero pepper type begins to gain relevance in the country even though the national market does not have cultivars that are adapted to the Brazilian agroecosystems. Different sectors of the production chain constantly demand materials that are uniform, productive, with multiple resistance to diseases, and well-adapted to Brazilian growing conditions. The varietal group of Malagueta chili pepper is well known throughout Brazilian territory, and it reaches good prices. However, other groups such as the habanero type of peppers, which are little known in the country despite having its origin in the Amazon, currently shows an increasing demand in the national and international markets, particularly in the United States and Europe, especially processed in the form of chili pepper mash. Therefore, if the Brazilian industry can reach this market with products with high quality and competitive production cost, there is a high possibility that it will take up a significant part of the market niche. This project will support the continuity of the Embrapa´s breeding program and the achievement of promising genetic materials for the next 10 years. Breeding programs must necessarily have long-term vision, and both the activities already carried out and those proposed in this project are part of the breeding program's strategy to meet the current and future demands of the productive sector.