Climate change caused by human activities is a reality that can affect agricultural production and is therefore a phenomenon that must be considered in strategic decisions. At the same time that it is affected, agriculture is seen as one of the main causes of global warming due to changes in land use, mainly due to deforestation through burning and non-conservationist soil management, which can lead to land degradation and more greenhouse gas emissions. Understanding the social and economic dynamics related to production and management systems, relevant to the processes of carbon accumulation or sequestration and emission of greenhouse gases, is extremely important for the development of appropriate, applicable and innovative policies and strategies aimed at socioeconomic and environmental sustainability. This knowledge is essential for investigating and forecasting future scenarios and for planning public policies to encourage the adoption of practices that mitigate global warming. The Fluxus Socioeconomics project is part of the Fluxus research network, which aims to analyze grain production systems and their impacts on climate change. Its objective is to carry out the economic evaluation of technologies and policies for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in grain production systems in four Brazilian biomes - Pampa, Atlantic Forest, Cerrados and Amazonia - considering the production systems of rice, beans, corn, wheat, soybeans and cowpea. Among the main results of the project is the economic evaluation, characterization, typification and spatialization of the main grain production systems, and the formulation and implementation of mathematical models. The results aim to offer technical support for public policies for the sector through effective and low-cost strategies, accessible both for business and family farming.